from: Cambridge University Press
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Type of bind: Paperback
Dewey Decimal Number: 153
EAN num: 9780521406123
ISBN number: 0521406129
Label: Cambridge University Press
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
Quantity: 1
Page Count: 354
Printing Date: August 30, 1991
Publishing house: Cambridge University Press
Sale Popularity Level: 727671
Studio: Cambridge University Press
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During the past twenty years, our knowledge about expertise has dramatically increased. Laboratory analyses of chessmasters, experts in physics, medicine, international-level musicians, athletes, writers, and performance artists have allowed us to carefully examine the cognitive processes mediating outstanding performance in very diverse areas of expertise. These analyses have shown that expert performance is primarily a reflection of acquired skill resulting from the accumulation of domain-specific knowledge and methods during many years of training and practice rather than special innate talent. Confronted with universal limits of human information processing concerning memory capacity and speed of processing, expert performers are found to be able to acquire similar types of skills to circumvent these limits. General findings on expertise are systematized to lay the foundation of a general theory of expertise. In this book, many of the world's foremost scientists studying expert performance in specific domains of expertise review the state-of-the-art knowledge about expertise in these domains with the goal of identifying characteristics of expert performance that can be generalized across many different areas of expertise. These papers provide a comprehensive summary of general methods to study expertise and the current knowledge about expertise in chess, physics, medicine, sports, performing arts, music, writing, and decision-making. Most importantly, they reveal the existence of many general characteristics of expertise.
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Unfortunately for us, most work in psychology is either silly or uninteresting. Nobody cares much about the details of reaction times or about baseless speculation about underlying personality types. But Ericsson and his colleagues have set themselves a far more interesting problem: how do people are really good at something (experts) do it? Even better, they've made an impressive amount of progress.
The book surveys impressive studies in fields like chess, physics, medicine, sports, music, reading, writing, managing, etc., each one using interesting tricks and techniques to try to get at what makes experts tick. This book dates from the very beginning of the project, but the promise of the early results is evident and the cast of mind impressive.
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